Tag: pyqt

pyqt grid layout

PyQt5 supports a grid layout, which is named QGridLayout. Widgets can be added to a grid in both the horizontal and vertical direction. An example of a grid layout with widgets is shown below:

Related course:

Create GUI Apps with PyQt5

PyQt5 grid layout example:
The example below creates the grid:


import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QPushButton, QHBoxLayout, QGroupBox, QDialog, QVBoxLayout, QGridLayout
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot

class App(QDialog):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.title = 'PyQt5 layout - pythonspot.com'
        self.left = 10
        self.top = 10
        self.width = 320
        self.height = 100
        self.initUI()
        
    def initUI(self):
        self.setWindowTitle(self.title)
        self.setGeometry(self.left, self.top, self.width, self.height)
        
        self.createGridLayout()
        
        windowLayout = QVBoxLayout()
        windowLayout.addWidget(self.horizontalGroupBox)
        self.setLayout(windowLayout)
        
        self.show()
    
    def createGridLayout(self):
        self.horizontalGroupBox = QGroupBox("Grid")
        layout = QGridLayout()
        layout.setColumnStretch(1, 4)
        layout.setColumnStretch(2, 4)
        
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('1'),0,0)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('2'),0,1)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('3'),0,2)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('4'),1,0)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('5'),1,1)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('6'),1,2)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('7'),2,0)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('8'),2,1)
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton('9'),2,2)
        
        self.horizontalGroupBox.setLayout(layout)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = App()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Explanation

We import the gridlayout and others with:


from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QPushButton, QHBoxLayout, QGroupBox, QDialog, QVBoxLayout, QGridLayout

In the method createGridLayout() we create the grid with a title and set the size.


def createGridLayout(self):
    self.horizontalGroupBox = QGroupBox("Grid")
    layout = QGridLayout()
    layout.setColumnStretch(1, 4)
    layout.setColumnStretch(2, 4)

Widgets are added using


layout.addWidget(Widget,X,Y)

Finally we set the layout.

If you are new to programming Python PyQt, I highly recommend this book.

Download PyQT5 Examples

Qt4 window

PyQt4 window on Ubuntu

In this tutorial you will learn how to create a graphical hello world application with PyQT4.

PyQT4, it is one of Pythons options for graphical user interface (GUI) programming.

Related course:

Create GUI Apps with PyQt5

PyQt4 window example:

This application will create a graphical window that can be minimized, maximimzed and resized it.


#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

# Create an PyQT4 application object.
a = QApplication(sys.argv)

# The QWidget widget is the base class of all user interface objects in PyQt4.
w = QWidget()

# Set window size.
w.resize(320, 240)

# Set window title
w.setWindowTitle("Hello World!")

# Show window
w.show()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

The PyQT4 module must be immported, we do that with this line:


from PyQt4.QtGui import *

We create the PyQT4 application object using QApplication():


a = QApplication(sys.argv)

We create the window (QWidget), resize, set the tittle and show it with this code:


w = QWidget()
w.resize(320, 240)
w.setWindowTitle("Hello World!")

Don’t forget to show the window:


# Show window
w.show()

You can download a collection of PyQt4 examples:

Download PyQT Code (Bulk Collection)

qt message box

PyQT4 offers message box functionality using several functions.
Messageboxes included in PyQT4 are: question, warning, error, information, criticial and about box.

Related course: Create GUI Apps with Python PyQt5

PyQt4 mesagebox

The code below will display a message box with two buttons:

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

# Create an PyQT4 application object.
a = QApplication(sys.argv)

# The QWidget widget is the base class of all user interface objects in PyQt4.
w = QWidget()

# Show a message box
result = QMessageBox.question(w, 'Message', "Do you like Python?", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No)

if result == QMessageBox.Yes:
    print('Yes.')
else:
    print('No.')

# Show window
w.show()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

Result:

qtMessagebox question

There are different types of messageboxes that PyQT4 provides.

PyQT4 Warning Box

You can display a warning box using this line of code:

QMessageBox.warning(w, "Message", "Are you sure you want to continue?")

PyQT4 Information box

We can display an information box using QMessageBox.information()

QMessageBox.information(w, "Message", "An information messagebox @ pythonspot.com ")

Result:

QMessageBox Info

PyQT4 Critical Box

If something goes wrong in your application you may want to display an error message.

QMessageBox.critical(w, "Message", "No disk space left on device.")

Result:

QMessagebox

PyQT4 About box

We have shown the question box above.

QMessageBox.about(w, "About", "An example messagebox @ pythonspot.com ")

Result:

qt Messagebox

Download PyQT Code (Bulk Collection)

pyqt widgets

We have various widgets that we can access with PyQT. Including:

Textbox
Combobox
Calendar

For more widgets we suggest using the GUI creation tool covered in the next tutorial.

Related course: Create GUI Apps with PyQt5

Textbox widget
Input fields are present in nearly every application. In PyQT4 an input field can be created using the QLineEdit() function.

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

# Create an PyQT4 application object.
a = QApplication(sys.argv)

# The QWidget widget is the base class of all user interface objects in PyQt4.
w = QMainWindow()

# Set window size.
w.resize(320, 100)

# Set window title
w.setWindowTitle("PyQT Python Widget!")

# Create textbox
textbox = QLineEdit(w)
textbox.move(20, 20)
textbox.resize(280,40)

# Show window
w.show()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

qt textbox

Combobox
A combobox can be used to select an item from a list.

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

# Create an PyQT4 application object.
a = QApplication(sys.argv)

# The QWidget widget is the base class of all user interface objects in PyQt4.
w = QMainWindow()

# Set window size.
w.resize(320, 100)

# Set window title
w.setWindowTitle("PyQT Python Widget!")

# Create combobox
combo = QComboBox(w)
combo.addItem("Python")
combo.addItem("Perl")
combo.addItem("Java")
combo.addItem("C++")
combo.move(20,20)

# Show window
w.show()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

qt combobox

Calendar widget
The PyQT4 library has a calendar widget, you can create it using the QCalendarWidget() call.

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

# Create an PyQT4 application object.
a = QApplication(sys.argv)

# The QWidget widget is the base class of all user interface objects in PyQt4.
w = QMainWindow()

# Set window size.
w.resize(320, 240)

# Set window title
w.setWindowTitle("PyQT Python Widget!")

# Create calendar
cal = QCalendarWidget(w)
cal.setGridVisible(True)
cal.move(0, 0)
cal.resize(320,240)

# Show window
w.show()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

Result:

calendar qt

Download PyQT Code (Bulk Collection)

QT4 Table

We can show a table using the QTableWidget, part of the PyQt module. We set the title, row count, column count and add the data.

Related course:

Create GUI Apps with PyQt5

Qt4 Table example

An example below:

from PyQt4.QtGui import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
import sys

def main():
    app 	= QApplication(sys.argv)
    table 	= QTableWidget()
    tableItem 	= QTableWidgetItem()
    
    # initiate table
    table.setWindowTitle("QTableWidget Example @pythonspot.com")
    table.resize(400, 250)
    table.setRowCount(4)
    table.setColumnCount(2)
    
    # set data
    table.setItem(0,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,1)"))
    table.setItem(0,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,2)"))
    table.setItem(1,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,1)"))
    table.setItem(1,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,2)"))
    table.setItem(2,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,1)"))
    table.setItem(2,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,2)"))
    table.setItem(3,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,1)"))
    table.setItem(3,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,2)"))
    
    # show table
    table.show()
    return app.exec_()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Result:

PyQt Table

QTableWidget labels

You can set the header using the setHorizontalHeaderLabels() function. The same applies for vertical labels. A demonstration below:

from PyQt4.QtGui import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
import sys

def main():
    app 	= QApplication(sys.argv)
    table 	= QTableWidget()
    tableItem 	= QTableWidgetItem()
    
    # initiate table
    table.setWindowTitle("QTableWidget Example @pythonspot.com")
    table.resize(400, 250)
    table.setRowCount(4)
    table.setColumnCount(2)
    
    # set label
    table.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(QString("H1;H2;").split(";"))
    table.setVerticalHeaderLabels(QString("V1;V2;V3;V4").split(";"))
    
    # set data
    table.setItem(0,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,1)"))
    table.setItem(0,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,2)"))
    table.setItem(1,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,1)"))
    table.setItem(1,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,2)"))
    table.setItem(2,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,1)"))
    table.setItem(2,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,2)"))
    table.setItem(3,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,1)"))
    table.setItem(3,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,2)"))
    
    # show table
    table.show()
    return app.exec_()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Result:

PyQT Table

QTableWidget click events

We can detect cell clicks using this procedure, first add a function:

# on click function
table.cellClicked.connect(cellClick)

Then define the function:

def cellClick(row,col):
print "Click on " + str(row) + " " + str(col)

The Python programming language starts counting with 0, so when you press on (1,1) you will see (0,0). Full code to detect table clicks:

from PyQt4.QtGui import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
import sys

def cellClick(row,col):
    print "Click on " + str(row) + " " + str(col)

def main():
    app 	= QApplication(sys.argv)
    table 	= QTableWidget()
    tableItem 	= QTableWidgetItem()

    # initiate table
    table.setWindowTitle("QTableWidget Example @pythonspot.com")
    table.resize(400, 250)
    table.setRowCount(4)
    table.setColumnCount(2)
    
    # set label
    table.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(QString("H1;H2;").split(";"))
    table.setVerticalHeaderLabels(QString("V1;V2;V3;V4").split(";"))
    
    # set data
    table.setItem(0,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,1)"))
    table.setItem(0,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,2)"))
    table.setItem(1,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,1)"))
    table.setItem(1,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,2)"))
    table.setItem(2,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,1)"))
    table.setItem(2,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,2)"))
    table.setItem(3,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,1)"))
    table.setItem(3,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,2)"))
    
    # on click function
    table.cellClicked.connect(cellClick)
    
    # show table
    table.show()
    return app.exec_()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

If you want to show the cell/row numbers in a non-programmer way use this instead:

def cellClick(row,col):
print "Click on " + str(row+1) + " " + str(col+1)

Tooltip text

We can set tooltip (mouse over) text using the method. If you set tooltips on non-existing columns you will get an error.

from PyQt4.QtGui import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
import sys

def main():
    app 	= QApplication(sys.argv)
    table 	= QTableWidget()
    tableItem 	= QTableWidgetItem()
    
    # initiate table
    table.setWindowTitle("QTableWidget Example @pythonspot.com")
    table.resize(400, 250)
    table.setRowCount(4)
    table.setColumnCount(2)
    
    # set label
    table.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(QString("H1;H2;").split(";"))
    table.setVerticalHeaderLabels(QString("V1;V2;V3;V4").split(";"))
    
    # set data
    table.setItem(0,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,1)"))
    table.setItem(0,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (1,2)"))
    table.setItem(1,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,1)"))
    table.setItem(1,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (2,2)"))
    table.setItem(2,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,1)"))
    table.setItem(2,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (3,2)"))
    table.setItem(3,0, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,1)"))
    table.setItem(3,1, QTableWidgetItem("Item (4,2)"))
    
    # tooltip text
    table.horizontalHeaderItem(0).setToolTip("Column 1 ")
    table.horizontalHeaderItem(1).setToolTip("Column 2 ")
    
    # show table
    table.show()
    return app.exec_()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Result:

PyQT Table tooltips

Download PyQT Code (Bulk Collection)

pyqt tabs

Tabs are very useful in graphical applications. They appear in webbrowsers, text editors and any other apps. To create a tabbed window, you need to call the QTabWidget() function. Every tab is a QWidget() which you have seen before. You can connect the QWidgets with the QTabWidget with the function:

tabs.addTab(tab1,"Tab 1")

where the first parameter is the tab object and the second the name that appears on the screen. We added some buttons to the first tab (QWidget).

Related course:

Create GUI Apps with PyQt5

Example code:

from PyQt4 import QtGui
from PyQt4 import QtCore
import sys

def main():

    app 	= QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    tabs	= QtGui.QTabWidget()
    
    # Create tabs
    tab1	= QtGui.QWidget()
    tab2	= QtGui.QWidget()
    tab3	= QtGui.QWidget()
    tab4	= QtGui.QWidget()
    
    # Resize width and height
    tabs.resize(250, 150)

    # Set layout of first tab
    vBoxlayout	= QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
    pushButton1 = QtGui.QPushButton("Start")
    pushButton2 = QtGui.QPushButton("Settings")
    pushButton3 = QtGui.QPushButton("Stop")
    vBoxlayout.addWidget(pushButton1)
    vBoxlayout.addWidget(pushButton2)
    vBoxlayout.addWidget(pushButton3)
    tab1.setLayout(vBoxlayout)
    
    # Add tabs
    tabs.addTab(tab1,"Tab 1")
    tabs.addTab(tab2,"Tab 2")
    tabs.addTab(tab3,"Tab 3")
    tabs.addTab(tab4,"Tab 4")
    
    # Set title and show
    tabs.setWindowTitle('PyQt QTabWidget @ pythonspot.com')
    tabs.show()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Result:

PyQT Tabs

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open file python

In this short tutorial you will learn how to create a file dialog and load its file contents. The file dialog is needed in many applications that use file access.

Related course:

Create GUI Apps with PyQt5

File Dialog Example
To get a filename (not file data) in PyQT you can use the line:

filename = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(w, 'Open File', '/')

If you are on Microsoft Windows use

filename = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(w, 'Open File', 'C:\')

An example below (includes loading file data):

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

# Create an PyQT4 application object.
a = QApplication(sys.argv)

# The QWidget widget is the base class of all user interface objects in PyQt4.
w = QWidget()

# Set window size.
w.resize(320, 240)

# Set window title
w.setWindowTitle("Hello World!")

# Get filename using QFileDialog
filename = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(w, 'Open File', '/')
print(filename)

# print file contents
with open(filename, 'r') as f:
    print(f.read())

# Show window
w.show()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

Result (output may vary depending on your operating system):

PyQt File Open Dialog.

Download PyQT Code (Bulk Collection)

progressbar python

In this article we will demonstrate how to use the progressbar widget. The progressbar is different from the other widgets in that it updates in time.

Related course:

Create GUI Apps with PyQt5

QT4 Progressbar Example
Let’s start with the code:

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import pyqtSlot,SIGNAL,SLOT

class QProgBar(QProgressBar):

    value = 0

    @pyqtSlot()
    def increaseValue(progressBar):
        progressBar.setValue(progressBar.value)
        progressBar.value = progressBar.value+1

# Create an PyQT4 application object.
a = QApplication(sys.argv)

# The QWidget widget is the base class of all user interface objects in PyQt4.
w = QWidget()

# Set window size.
w.resize(320, 240)

# Set window title
w.setWindowTitle("PyQT4 Progressbar @ pythonspot.com ")

# Create progressBar.
bar = QProgBar(w)
bar.resize(320,50)
bar.setValue(0)
bar.move(0,20)

# create timer for progressBar
timer = QTimer()
bar.connect(timer,SIGNAL("timeout()"),bar,SLOT("increaseValue()"))
timer.start(400)

# Show window
w.show()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

The instance bar (of class QProgBar) is used to hold the value of the progressbar. We call the function setValue() to update its value. The parameter w is given to attach it to the main window. We then move it to position (0,20) on the screen and give it a width and height.

To update the progressbar in time we need a QTimer(). We connect the widget with the timer, which calls the function increaseValue(). We set the timer to repeat the function call every 400 milliseconds. You also see the words SLOT and SIGNAL. If a user does an action such as clicking on a button, typing text in a box - the widget sends out a signal. This signal does nothing, but it can be used to connect with a slot, that acts as a receiver and acts on it.

Result:

PyQT Progressbar

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